BOW #13

Chlorophyll is vital for photosynthesis, which allows plants to obtain energy from light.

Chlorophyll molecules are specifically arranged in and around photosystems that are embedded in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts. In these complexes, chlorophyll serves two primary functions. The function of the vast majority of chlorophyll (up to several hundred molecules per photosystem) is to absorb light and transfer that light energy by resonance energy transfer to a specific chlorophyll pair in the reaction center of the photosystems.

Reference: http://www.google.com/imgres?q=chlorophyll&um=1&hl=en&safe=active&client=safari&sa=N&rls=en&biw=1375&bih=843&tbm=isch&tbnid=NWCuMA-l-ytu3M:&imgrefurl=http://biology.clc.uc.edu/courses/bio104/photosyn.htm&docid=I3t-ofxlYJTAKM&imgurl=http://biology.clc.uc.edu/graphics/bio104/chlorophyll.jpg&w=300&h=300&ei=mHXzTrbwEsrfiALi_LWcDg&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=1119&vpy=245&dur=405&hovh=133&hovw=134&tx=145&ty=94&sig=106118596005183164299&page=1&tbnh=133&tbnw=134&start=0&ndsp=28&ved=1t:429,r:6,s:0&surl=1

fermenting Bow #12

Pickled Garlic Scapes

Choose just the tenderest and youngest flowers for these pickled garlic scapes, leaving the scape's woody stem for use in a naturally probiotic, fermented relish or to use fresh.  These pickled scapes are strongly flavored and deeply robust with garlic flavor.  You can always add spices to the mixture as well, dill and bay do nicely, but garlic lovers will revel in the simple combination of scape, salt and starter.

Pickled Garlic Scapes: Ingredients

• about1 1/2 teaspoons unrefined sea salt
• 1 package vegetable starter culture (see sources) OR 59.147 militer fresh whey, if desired
• enough garlic scapes, trimmed with woody stems removed, to fit in a 946.36 militer  jar

Pickled Garlic Scapes: Equipment

• vegetable fermentation master OR crock (see sources)

Pickled Garlic Scapes: Method

1. Stir sea salt and starter culture or whey together with one quart fresh, filtered and dechlorinated water until the salt and starter culture are dissolved into the water completely.
2. Pack your crock or fermentation master full of trimmed garlic scapes.
3. Pour the mixture of water, salt and starter over the scapes, ensuring that they're completely covered by the brine.
4. Ferment at room temperature for at least a week, preferably two or even three or four (fermentation is not an exact science), as it suits you.
5. Once the scapes have pickled to your liking, remove them to the refrigerator or a cool cellar for storage.

YIELD: 946.36 militer 

TIME: about 5 minutes (preparation), 1 to 4 weeks (fermentation)

References: http://www.google.com/imgres?q=pickled+garlic+scapes&um=1&hl=en&safe=active&client=safari&sa=N&rls=en&biw=1375&bih=843&tbm=isch&tbnid=akMlQo7tIQjh5M:&imgrefurl=http://nourishedkitchen.com/pickle-garlic-scapes/&docid=vkk5g2flnxl-NM&imgurl=http://nourishedkitchen.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/pickled-garlic-scapes-1.jpg&w=640&h=425&ei=rnLzTtmSKOGXiQLix7mQDg&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=280&vpy=221&dur=439&hovh=183&hovw=276&tx=127&ty=86&sig=106118596005183164299&page=1&tbnh=116&tbnw=174&start=0&ndsp=25&ved=1t:429,r:1,s:0&surl=1

My personal post that has nothing to do with biology

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Bow #11

Osmosis Jones Relation to Immune System

Similarities
When our body catches a cold, the immune system swings into action and begins sending out virus-fighting cells and proteins which can cause inflammation.
Most of the cold and flu symptoms we experience are the result of our bodies trying to fight the infection, rather than the infection itself.
One of the common signs of sickness we usually notice is a runny nose, this is caused by our immune system trapping the offending virus.

Reference: http://www.google.com/imgres?q=osmosis+jones&um=1&hl=en&client=safari&sa=N&rls=en&biw=1163&bih=1324&tbm=isch&tbnid=H7ngku7wV5BHSM:&imgrefurl=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmosis_Jones&docid=GLs7yi5om6GXuM&imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/98/Osmosis_jones.jpg/350px-Osmosis_jones.jpg&w=350&h=149&ei=0fTkTtDLMYaTiALy9aWfBg&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=219&vpy=231&dur=968&hovh=119&hovw=280&tx=150&ty=50&sig=114124675023565786858&page=1&tbnh=86&tbnw=203&start=0&ndsp=41&ved=1t:429,r:1,s:0


Differences
Franks's body has a very lazy mayor working at the city of Frank.
Drix (the cold pill) has a cannon that freezes any target.
Frank's body has policemen that hunt bacteria and viruses.

Reference

http://www.google.com/imgres?q=osmosis+jones+mayor&num=10&um=1&hl=en&client=safari&rls=en&biw=1163&bih=1324&tbm=isch&tbnid=DQZj5MdINeKdSM:&imgrefurl=http://kids.yahoo.com/movies/movie/1804288910--Osmosis%2BJones%2B(2001)/bigphoto/211549&docid=YH4755jIDbLP4M&imgurl=http://us.ent3.yimg.com/movies.yahoo.com/images/hv/photo/movie_pix/warner_brothers/osmosis_jones/jones6.jpg&w=400&h=170&ei=UPXkTpHEGarliAL8-_XIBg&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=345&vpy=300&dur=1655&hovh=136&hovw=320&tx=211&ty=121&sig=114124675023565786858&sqi=2&page=1&tbnh=103&tbnw=235&start=0&ndsp=40&ved=1t:429,r:6,s:0

Bow #10

The Positive Effects of Fungi
Fungi play an essential role in maintaining equilibrium in nearly every ecosystem, where they recycle nutrients by breaking down the bodies and wastes of other organisms such as the mycelia of mushrooms.

Reference
http://www.google.com/imgres?q=mushroom&um=1&hl=en&client=safari&sa=N&rls=en&biw=1163&bih=1324&tbm=isch&tbnid=wlCLjS5IrH3K6M:&imgrefurl=http://visual.merriam-webster.com/plants-gardening/plants/mushroom/structure-mushroom.php&docid=B9OD7B1F15VP7M&imgurl=http://visual.merriam-webster.com/images/plants-gardening/plants/mushroom/structure-mushroom.jpg&w=550&h=384&ei=hfPkTs7WNOzXiALFzIHVBg&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=492&sig=114124675023565786858&page=1&tbnh=141&tbnw=150&start=0&ndsp=42&ved=1t:429,r:5,s:0&tx=78&ty=121


The discovery of the antibiotic properties of penicillin changed the field of medicine, reducing harmful infections to just a little minor nuisance. Some cancer drugs and the anti-rejection drugs such as cyclosporin, which is used in organ transplant patients, come from fungi.

References

http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/penicillin.aspx

Bow 9 virtual Epidemic (Blog of the week)

Epidemic simulation, by Ian Clark and Adrian Smith

Using this page About Epidemic

Healthy    •    0   Carrier    ¤    0   Sick    ¶    0   Dead    †    400   Immune    §    0    step(s)  Auto Probabilities ...  H > C:  C > S:  S > D:  S > I:  I > H:  Map  Plain text  Notepad  Totals  Charts      {text}   20x20   25x30   UK-map

† † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † † A combination of high H>C levels , high C>S levels (the contagiousness of the disease) and high S>D levels ( the deadliness of the diseases) will cause the worst deadly epidemic. My Data: Shows that about 19 rounds everybody died reference http://starmap.causeway.co.uk/epidemic.asp

Blog of the week #8

The hot zone surprised me of the effects of diseases. Before I read the hot zone I always though diseases would be minor and it would go away. But the description of how Monet suffer changed my mine on diseases. To top it off that disease was the least deadliest compared to the others. This diseases was incurable before and probably still is. Though Scientist are close to inventing a vaccine, you never know when it will come up so we must be careful in what we do.

Reference

http://www.google.com/imgres?q=hot+zone&um=1&hl=en&safe=active&client=safari&sa=N&rls=en&biw=1676&bih=832&tbm=isch&tbnid=3ThyWl3_OwjIlM:&imgrefurl=http://www.amazon.com/Hot-Zone-Terrifying-True-Story/dp/0385479565&docid=wUn4852nMsyX0M&imgurl=http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/51TXYRN953L._BO2,204,203,200_PIsitb-sticker-arrow-click,TopRight,35,-76_AA300_SH20_OU01_.jpg&w=300&h=300&ei=clrBTp2jJsSsiQKMldClAw&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=515&sig=106118596005183164299&page=1&tbnh=156&tbnw=143&start=0&ndsp=37&ved=1t:429,r:0,s:0&tx=64&ty=104&surl=1

Blog of the week #7

Reference

http://2012rising.com/article/forced-h1n1-flu-vaccinations-in-china-america-ritual-sacrifice-for-09-09-09

A vaccination help create antigenic which helps the immune system develop adaptive immunity to virus. Vaccination can help prevent the effects of infection. It is considered to be the most effect of preventing the full effects of infectious diseases.

Blog of the week #6

Osmosis- the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane

reference

http://www.google.com/imgres?q=osmosis&um=1&hl=en&client=safari&sa=N&rls=en&biw=1024&bih=1346&tbm=isch&tbnid=gA_J3cjTWkXaRM:&imgrefurl=http://seys-science.wikispaces.com/3%2BOsmosis&docid=aii1X0nvY7f0LM&imgurl=http://seys-science.wikispaces.com/file/view/Osmosis.jpg/97293298/Osmosis.jpg&w=568&h=295&ei=Yj2zTtXEEOfbiAKoq8xa&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=546&vpy=210&dur=112&hovh=162&hovw=312&tx=129&ty=99&sig=114124675023565786858&page=1&tbnh=94&tbnw=181&start=0&ndsp=31&ved=1t:429,r:3,s:0

Endocytosis- the process of taking material into the cell by means of infoldings, or pockets, of the cell membrane

reference


http://www.google.com/imgres?q=endocytosis&um=1&hl=en&client=safari&sa=N&rls=en&biw=1024&bih=1346&tbm=isch&tbnid=Raa7dVyhFd-2rM:&imgrefurl=http://www.psc.edu/science/2007/bardomain/&docid=v0XuRI-0Rg-ZuM&imgurl=http://www.psc.edu/science/2007/bardomain/images/endocytosis.jpg&w=294&h=341&ei=Dz2zTqXJJ7PTiAK14KlM&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=100&vpy=173&dur=782&hovh=242&hovw=208&tx=141&ty=184&sig=114124675023565786858&page=1&tbnh=148&tbnw=128&start=0&ndsp=29&ved=1t:429,r:0,s:0

Active transport- when cells move materials in the opposite direction against a concentration difference


reference


http://www.google.com/imgres?q=active+transport&um=1&hl=en&client=safari&sa=N&rls=en&biw=1024&bih=1346&tbm=isch&tbnid=en7RKA1Z-XFefM:&imgrefurl=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_transport&docid=PMagN36zjjxtfM&imgurl=http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Scheme_sodium-potassium_pump-en.svg/400px-Scheme_sodium-potassium_pump-en.svg.png&w=400&h=180&ei=tjyzTvvpHqXgiALFlIRL&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=85&vpy=224&dur=340&hovh=94&hovw=208&tx=146&ty=62&sig=114124675023565786858&page=1&tbnh=87&tbnw=193&start=0&ndsp=28&ved=1t:429,r:0,s:0

Facilitated diffusion- molecules that cannot diffuse across the cell membrane's lipid bilayer on their own move through protein channels instead.


reference


http://www.google.com/imgres?q=facilitated+diffusion&num=10&um=1&hl=en&biw=1024&bih=1346&tbm=isch&tbnid=i58VsvsvpbTBtM:&imgrefurl=http://ccaoscience.wordpress.com/notes/transport-protein/&docid=rXcMGgZGaHLOWM&imgurl=http://ccaoscience.files.wordpress.com/2011/04/07_15facilitateddiffusionb.jpg&w=960&h=416&ei=tjuzTq7sIo_YiALIpvxr&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=290&vpy=200&dur=344&hovh=146&hovw=337&tx=141&ty=43&sig=114124675023565786858&sqi=2&page=1&tbnh=87&tbnw=200&start=0&ndsp=35&ved=1t:429,r:1,s:0

Diffusion-the spread of particle through random motion from regulations of higher concentration to the areas of lower concentration

referance

http://www.google.com/imgres?q=diffusion&um=1&hl=en&sa=N&biw=1024&bih=1346&tbm=isch&tbnid=AqALyzRVcodOuM:&imgrefurl=http://www.biologycorner.com/bio1/diffusion.html&docid=Von3PeQFzhiKqM&imgurl=http://www.biologycorner.com/resources/osmosis.jpg&w=605&h=425&ei=FDuzTsbRNMmviQLPlNVX&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=111&vpy=193&dur=242&hovh=188&hovw=268&tx=199&ty=112&sig=114124675023565786858&page=1&tbnh=144&tbnw=209&start=0&ndsp=28&ved=1t:429,r:0,s:0

The same- They are both cells in the human body.
The differences- They are both in different parts of the body.

Scanning microscope of grasshopper

Light microscope of grasshopper

Proteins-Supply growth and repairs.

Minerals-inorganic nutrients for the body.

Fats-Protects body organs, insulates body, and stores energy.

Carbohydrates-Major source of energy for the human body.

Water-Is needed since most of the chemical reaction takes place in water.

For a scientific method you need a objective or you can not get started. Then you must form a hypothesis to test out. Each experiment has independent,dependent,and controlled variables. You could also make an inference while observing. While doing that you must follow procedures and gather data. Each experiment has possible source of error which helps you by showing your mistakes. Finally you must write a conclusion to show the results of the your experiment.